Abstract: In order to adapt to the reform of the insurance financial market， the financial aspect of insurance fraud should be clearly defined as the order of insurance market transactions. The relationship between insurance fraud and fraud is mutually exclusive and independent. In aviation extension insurance cases， if the behavior conforms to the regulatory structure of insurance fraud， the application of fraud should be excluded. The insurance subject of air delay insurance is the potential loss that may be caused to passengers due to the fact of aircraft delay. Only when the insurance company considers whether to board the plane as the substantive examination standard of air delay insurance， can the act of passengers forging the fact of boarding be recognized as a “fictitious insurance subject”. For the actual policy holder who fraudulently purchases insurance in the name of others， his nature is not different from that of the policy holder stipulated in the insurance contract， and he can constitute the subject of the crime of insurance fraud. The behavior of the actor who refunds the ticket before the scheduled departure of the flight and claims compensation after the flight delay must strictly follow the principle of unity of legal order. The criminal law cannot directly intervene in the behavior with undetermined effectiveness in civil law.

Key words: aviation delay insurance; insurance fraud crime; crime of fraud; legal interests; unification of legal order

摘要： 为适应保险金融市场改革，保险诈骗罪金融面向法益需明确保险市场交易秩序，保险诈骗罪与诈骗罪之间属于互斥的独立关系。在航延险案件中，行为如果符合保险诈骗罪规范构造，应当排斥适用诈骗罪。航延险的保险标的是飞机延误的事实可能给乘客造成的损失，只有在保险公司将是否乘机作为航延险的实质审查标准时，乘客伪造登机事实的行为才能被认定为虚构保险标的。对于冒用他人名义购险骗赔的实际投保人，性质上与保险合同规定的投保人无异，可以构成保险诈骗罪的主体；行为人在航班准点起飞前退票以及航班延误后索赔的行为，需要严格遵循法秩序统一性原则，民事法上效力待定的行为，刑法不能直接介入。

关键词: 航空延误险；保险诈骗罪；诈骗罪；法益；法秩序统一性