Abstract: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is actively building an important bridgehead for China’s opening up to the north. It requires continuous improvement of the layout of ports open to the north and the corresponding enhancement of the transportation capacity and efficiency of the railway channels behind the ports. This paper conducts an in-depth study on the layout of the railway channels behind the land ports in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region during the “15th Five- Year Plan” period. By thoroughly analyzing the distribution of land ports in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the volume statistics, and the operation status of the existing railway channels, it explores the advancement of railway ports and the railway channels behind them. Combined with relevant higher-level development plans, it identifies existing problems and proposes the overall layout and construction sequence of the railway channels behind the land ports in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The aim is to provide a scientific basis for Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to build an efficient and interconnected railway transportation network, enhance the customs clearance capacity of ports, and promote regional economic development. By improving the backbone channels, promoting cross-border interconnection, enhancing the transportation capacity of the channels, and filling in the gaps in the railway network, the transportation efficiency and service capacity of the railway channels behind the land ports in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region can be effectively improved, providing strong support for regional economic development and the national “Belt and Road” initiative.

Key words: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region; railway passage layout; land port; volume statistics

摘要： 内蒙古自治区是国家向北开放的重要桥头堡，要求持续完善向北开放口岸布局，并配套提升口岸后方铁路通道运输能力和运输效率。根据内蒙古自治区“十五五”期间陆路口岸后方铁路通道布局的要求，分析陆路口岸的分布、运量统计以及现状铁路通道的运营情况，探讨铁路口岸及后方铁路通道推进情况，并结合相关上位发展规划，识别存在的问题，提出自治区陆路口岸后方铁路通道总体布局及建设时序，为内蒙古自治区构建高效、互联互通的铁路运输网络，提升口岸通关能力，促进区域经济发展提供科学依据。通过完善骨干通道、推进跨境互联互通、提升通道运输能力和填补路网空白，可以有效提升内蒙古自治区陆路口岸后方铁路通道的运输效率和服务能力，为区域经济发展和“一带一路”倡议提供有力支撑。

关键词: 内蒙古自治区；铁路通道布局；陆路口岸；运量统计