Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University Social Sciences Edition ›› 2026, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (5): 35-50.

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Research on the Effect of High-Speed Rail Network Affecting Entrepreneurial Activity in Cities Based on a Comparative Analysis of Prefecture-Level and County-Level Cities in China

Huang Chengfeng,Luo Jun,Li Xiao   

  1. Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
  • Received:2025-09-12 Revised:2025-12-16 Online:2026-10-18 Published:2026-10-18

高铁网络对城市创业活跃度的影响效应——基于中国地级与县级城市的比较分析

黄承锋,罗俊,李骁   

  1. 重庆交通大学,重庆 400074
  • 作者简介:黄承锋,男,重庆交通大学经济与管理学院教授,博士,博士生导师;罗俊,男,重庆交通大学经济与管理学院硕士研究生;李骁,女,重庆交通大学交通运输学院博士研究生。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金项目“西部陆海新通道对‘双循环’新发展格局的影响机理与政策优化研究”(24FJLB017);重庆市社会科学规划重大项目“西部陆海新通道融合开放路径与合作模式创新研究”(2023ZDLH10);重庆市社会科学规划重大项目“西部陆海新通道+经贸+产业联动效应研究”(2023ZDLH04)

Abstract: How to improve the entrepreneurial vitality of the whole society and promote common prosperity by transport infrastructure construction is a realistic issue of concern for policy makers. Using data on newly established enterprises from 280 prefecture-level cities in China during 2004-2018 and 2703 county-level cities during 2000-2021, this study conducts an empirical analysis of the impact of high-speed rail (HSR) opening on urban entrepreneurial activity and its mechanism of action. It is found that HSR significantly increases the number of new enterprises in cities at both prefecture-level and county-level spatial scales, and the greater the frequency of HSR stops, the stronger the promotional effect. This conclusion remains valid after addressing endogeneity issues and conducting robustness tests. Meanwhile, the impact of HSR on urban entrepreneurial activity shows significant heterogeneous characteristics: HSR has no significant impact on manufacturing entrepreneurial activity in prefecture-level cities, but shows a significant facilitating effect at the county level; HSR raises entrepreneurial activity more in non-productive service industries; moreover, the impact of HSR on urban entrepreneurial activity is more obvious in eastern regions, metropolitan areas and large cities with higher economic development levels. Reducing financing costs, promoting knowledge spillover and enhancing innovation capacity are important channels through which HSR increases urban entrepreneurial activity.

Key words: high-speed rail; entrepreneurial activity; knowledge spillover; regional innovation gaps; spatial economics modeling

摘要: 以交通基础设施建设提高全社会的创业活跃度并推进共同富裕,是政策制定者关注的现实问题。利用中国2004—2018年280个地级城市和2000—2021年2703个县级城市新增企业数据,实证分析高铁开通对城市创业活跃度的影响及其作用机制。研究发现:无论是在地级还是县级空间尺度,高铁均显著提高城市的新增企业数量,且高铁停靠的频次越多,促进效应越大,在缓解内生性问题和稳健性检验后结论依然成立。高铁对城市创业活跃度的影响表现出显著的异质性特征:高铁对地级城市制造业创业活跃度的影响不显著,但在县级层面则表现出显著的促进效应;高铁更多地提高了非生产性服务业的创业活跃度;高铁对城市创业活跃度的影响在东部地区、都市圈内和经济发展水平较高的大城市更明显。降低融资成本、促进知识溢出、提升创新能力,是高铁提高城市创业活跃度的重要渠道。

关键词: 高铁;创业活跃度;知识溢出;区域创新差距;空间经济学模型

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