Abstract: Under the strategic background of “Digital China” and “Transportation Power”, it is of great significance to examine the impact of transportation network construction on the development of digital economy. Based on the panel data of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2007 to 2020, this paper takes the opening of high-speed rail as a quasi-natural experiment and constructs a double difference model to examine the impact of high-speed rail on the digital transformation of enterprises and its mechanism. It is found that the opening of high-speed rail and the increase in the frequency of stops significantly promote the digital transformation of enterprises, and the conclusion remains robust through a series of robustness tests. It is further found that the construction of high-speed rail promotes the digital transformation of enterprises by accelerating the concentration of digital talents and improving digital innovation capabilities, and this facilitating effect is particularly prominent in state-owned enterprises, high-tech enterprises, technology-intensive industries, and regions with relatively low levels of new infrastructure development.

Key words: high-speed rail construction; enterprise digital transformation; aggregation of digital talents; digital innovation; double difference model

摘要： 在“数字中国”和“交通强国”战略背景下，考察交通网络建设对数字经济发展的影响具有重要意义。基于2007—2020年沪深A股上市公司面板数据，以高铁开通作为准自然实验，构建双重差分模型，考察高铁对企业数字化转型的影响及其作用机理。研究发现，高铁开通和经停频次增加显著推动企业数字化转型，通过一系列稳健性检验后结论依旧稳健。进一步研究发现，高铁建设通过加速数字人才集聚和提高数字创新能力来促进企业数字化转型，该促进作用在国有企业、高科技企业、技术密集型行业以及新基建发展水平相对较低的地区表现得尤为突出。

关键词: 高铁建设；企业数字化转型；数字人才集聚；数字创新；双重差分模型