Abstract: For more than one thousand years Christianity has been the predominant religion shaping western civilization, and Christian theory of human nature is the core value or source value of Christianity. Therefore, without a good knowledge of Christian theory of human nature, one can not have a clear understanding of Christianity and the western civilization influenced by it. The good and evil doublenature in Christianity is further elaborated and its impact on western society is pointed out.

Key words: Christianity, good nature, evil nature, free will, harmonious society

摘要： 基督教文化是西方文明发展的支柱，基督教的人性观又是基督教文化的核心观念或源头观念。不了解基督教的人性观，就无法理解和认识基督教以及千百年来在基督教文化熏陶下的西方文明。本文对基督教善恶二重的人性观进行梳理和探讨，指出平衡的人性观对西方社会发展具有积极意义。

关键词: 基督教, 人性善, 人性恶, 自由意志, 和谐社会