Abstract: In order to achieve the goal of building ecological civilization proposed by 18th Conference, the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Conference proposed the establishment of ecological environmental damage liability lifelong accountability system. The root of environmental problem in China is that the government does not function or function badly, and. from the peoples sovereignty theory, the public attribute of environmental resources and good governance theory as the logical starting point, reducing the “environmental migration……”, refuting “China environmental threat theory” or the practical needs of the National Peoples Congress on the government, should be made by ecological environmental damage liability for lifelong accountability, according to the environmental hazards size, should be investigated for different responsibilities.

Key words: government, liability, lifelong accountability

摘要： 为了实现党的十八大提出的生态文明建设目标，十八届三中全会提出了建立生态环境损害责任终身追究制。由于我国环境问题的根源在于政府的不作为、乱作为，而且从人民主权论、环境资源的公共物品属性以及善治理论等理论逻辑起点和减少“环境移民”、驳斥“中国环境威胁论”叫嚣的现实需要出发，都应该由人大对政府生态环境损害责任进行终身追究，根据环境危害的大小追究不同的责任。

关键词: 政府, 责任, 终身追究