Abstract: To establish a sound twoway referral system and deepen the reform of the medical and health system is an important task proposed at the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee. It is also a necessary condition to perfect social security system. With the diversified development of the world medical service system, twoway referral system is constantly changing and updating. Therefore, to have a better understanding of how twoway referral system forms and develops, analyze its practice and innovation are analyzed. The institutional factors affecting the twoway referral will have high theory value and significance are given.

Key words: twoway referral, developed country, practice and innovation, institutional factor

摘要： 实行双向转诊制度，深化医疗卫生体制改革，是党的十八届三中全会提出的重要任务，也是健全医疗保障制度的必要条件。随着各国医疗服务体系的多元化发展，双向转诊制度也在不断地创新与完善。分析发达国家双向转诊制度的形成与发展，借鉴其实践与创新，深入剖析影响我国双向转诊建立及运转的制度性因素，具有重要的理论价值与现实意义。

关键词: 双向转诊, 发达国家, 实践与创新, 制度性因素