Abstract: In early new China, under the three policies “for workers, farmers and soldiers, prevention first, combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine”, China paid particular attention to the maternal and child health care. According to these policies, the Sichuan provincial government formulated regulations and established institutions to improve maternal and child health care. By analyzing related historical materials, a research on the measures the provincial government took and their effects is conducted.

Key words: early new China, maternal and child care, Sichuan province

摘要： 建国初期，国家制定“面向工农兵、预防为主、团结中西医”三大医疗卫生政策，对妇女和儿童的健康问题高度关注。在国家大政方针的指导下，结合四川省妇幼卫生事业发展水平整体滞后的现状，四川地区制定相关政策，建立相应机构，全面开展妇幼卫生事业。通过对1949—1955年四川省妇幼卫生事业相关历史史实的重建，概述新中国成立初期四川省在妇幼卫生事业方面采取的措施及所取得的成效。

关键词: 建国初期, 妇幼卫生, 四川省