Abstract: YAN Yangchu was a famous reformism educator during the Republic of China. He hoped to revitalize China through civilian education.YAN Yangchu recognized the national conditions and established the civilian education association as the backbone team of social transformation on the premise of relying on the government and winning the support of the gentry. YAN Yangchu combined the civilian education with modern politics， social practice and the needs of the people， and actively promoted his own civilian education thoughts. However， when there was a conflict between the church， the government and the gentry， the civilian education association chose to escape. Reformists， represented by YAN Yangchu， did not realize that imperialism and feudalism were the root causes of Chinas problems， which ultimately led to the failure of the civilian education movement.

Key words: YAN Yangchu, civilian education, reformism

摘要： 晏阳初是民国时期著名的改良主义教育家，他希望通过平民教育振兴中国。他在依附政府和争取士绅支持的前提下，组建了平教同学会作为进行社会改造的骨干团队。他使平民教育与现代政治、社会实践、民众需求相结合，积极推广自己的平民教育思想，但当平教会与政府、士绅发生矛盾时，平教会则选择逃避。以晏阳初为代表的改良主义者并未认识到导致中国问题的根源是帝国主义和封建主义，最终导致平教运动失败。

关键词: 晏阳初, 平民教育, 改良主义