Abstract: Remnant problems of antiJapanese war between China and Japan are an important factor of affecting SinoJapan relationship. Between the foundation of Peoples Republic of China and the normalization of diplomatic relationships between China and Japan， the Communist Party of China actively carried out solving remnant problems of antiJapanese war， including the return of overseas Chinese from Japan， reform and lenient disposal of Japanese war criminals and posing war reparations against Japan， which promoted the recovery and development of SinoJapan relationships.This stage gained extensive experiences， including insisting on “two distinctions” and strife for understanding and support of Japanese people， focusing on the overall development of China and Japan and complying with international laws.These experiences had some revelations to settle further remnant problems of antiJapanese war and develop SinoJapan ties in the new era.

Key words: Communist Party of China, remnant problems of antiJapanese war, SinoJapan relationship

摘要： 中华人民共和国成立至中日邦交未实现正常化期间，中国共产党积极领导开展对日战后遗留问题的处理工作，主要包括协助日侨回国，改造和宽大处理日本战犯，对日本提出并解决战争赔偿要求问题等，从而推动中日邦交关系的恢复和发展。这一阶段积累的坚持“两个区分”，争取广大日本民众的理解与支持，着眼于中日友好发展大局，恪守相关国际法约等经验，对于今天进一步解决中日战后遗留问题，促进构建新时代中日关系具有启示意义。

关键词: 中国共产党, 中日战后遗留问题, 中日关系