Abstract: Traditional studies believe interjections are purely emotional words, which contain emotional meaning or express the current mental state of the speaker. Conceptual theorists, based on NSM theory, hold that interjections are of indexicality and conventionality, and can convey conceptual content and contain conceptual meaning. Relevance theorists, based on relevance theory, believe that interjections contain procedural meaning, they can construct higherlevel explicature and can also activate propositional attitude or attitude description. Crosslanguage studies, especially those on polysynthetic languages, show that interjections also contain cultural meaning. Understanding the meanings of interjections is helpful for a deeper understanding of this linguistic phenomenon.

Key words: interjections, emotional meaning, conceptual meaning, procedural meaning, cultural meaning

摘要： 国内外传统研究认为叹词是纯粹的情感词，包含情感意义或表达说话人当下的心理状态。概念论者根据NSM理论，认为叹词具有指示性和规约性两大特点，可以传递概念内容，包含概念意义。关联论者根据关联理论，认为叹词包含程序意义，可以构建较高层次显义，也可以激活命题态度或态度描述。跨语言研究尤其是关于多式综合语的研究表明叹词还包含文化意义。对于叹词意义的多重认识有助于更加深入地理解该语言现象。

关键词: 叹词, 情感意义, 概念意义, 程序意义, 文化意义