Abstract: Idiomatic construction has been attached great importance in cognitive linguistics. However， this kind of construction in dialects needs further exploration. This paper attempts to probe into the synchronic and diachronic characteristics and motivation of “yudedao （X）” construction in Chongqing dialect. The synchronic features are analyzed through the linguistic features， i.e.， phonological and syntactical form and meaning/function. And then the semantic change of the said construction is explored and the evolution path is drawn out. Finally， the motivation of “yudedao （X）” construction is revealed on the basis of the utterance selection theory.

Key words: Chongqing dialect; “yudedao （X）” construction; synchronic characteristics; diachronic changes; motivation

摘要： 习语构式一直是认知语言学关注的重点，但是相关文献表明，方言中的习语构式研究有待进一步拓展。在构式语法的视角下，探究重庆方言习语“遇得到（X）”构式的共时与历时特征和认知理据；分析“遇得到（X）”构式的构件组成与语音、句法、构式义及功能等语言特征；从历时角度探析该构式的演变过程；从认知语言学的话语选择理论等视角出发，认为“遇得到（X）”构式形成的语言理据包括过度分析、不足分析和隐性分析，其非语言理据包括具身体验性、认知经济性和语言生态性。

关键词: 重庆方言；“遇得到（X）”构式；共时特征；历时演变；理据