Abstract: The continuous increase of rural residents income is the key to achieving common prosperity. This paper analyzes the factors influencing the change of rural residents income level and structure in six provinces of central China from 2013 to 2020 by using shiftshare analysis. The results show： 1） the income of rural residents in the six provinces of central China has maintained the growth momentum on the whole, but there are still obvious provincial differences in income structure； 2） the change trend of the proportion of rural residents income structure is relatively stable, and the main characteristics are the decline of wage income and the increase of transfer income. Salary is the main source of income, family business income as a supplement, the proportion of property income and transfer income is low； 3） the overall analysis of shares shows that competitive advantage is the main driving force for the income growth of rural residents in the six provinces of central China, but the income structure needs to be optimized； 4） the detailed analysis of shares shows that the advantages and disadvantages of each income source in the six provinces of central China are not the same, and there are significant differences in the factors hindering rural residents income. In order to further achieve common prosperity in rural areas and rural residents, we must create more employment opportunities for rural labor, tap the potential of agricultural income, comprehensively deepen rural reform, improve the social security system, so as to solidly promote the gradual realization of common prosperity of rural areas and rural residents.

Key words: common prosperity； income structure； shiftshare method

摘要： 农民持续增收是实现共同富裕的关键所在。通过偏离—份额分析法，分析2013—2020年中部六省农民收入水平及农民收入结构变化的影响因素。结果表明，中部六省农民收入总体保持增长势头，但收入结构仍存在明显的省域差异。各省农民收入结构比例变化趋势相对稳定，以工资性收入下降、转移性收入上升为主要特征；收入来源以工资性收入为主、家庭经营性收入为辅，财产性收入和转移性收入比重低。份额总体分析表明竞争优势是驱动中部六省农民收入增长的主要动力，但收入结构亟须优化；份额明细分析表明中部六省各项收入来源的优势和劣势不尽相同，阻碍农民增收因素存在显著差异。为进一步实现农村农民共同富裕，要为农村劳动力创造更多就业机会，挖掘农业增收潜力，全面深化农村改革，完善社会保障体系，从而扎实推进农村农民逐步实现共同富裕。

关键词: 共同富裕；收入结构；偏离—份额分析