关键词: 马斯洛, 需求层次理论, 《废都》, 庄之蝶, 知识分子, 人生困境

Abstract: JIA Pingwa creates a decadent city in which women are materialized and intellectuals are alienated. ZHUANG Zhidie is depressed by his wife NIU Yueqings impotence， which makes his basic physiological needs unsatisfied. He tries to find his male selfesteem by satisfying his basic needs through crazy extramarital sexual love activities. ZHUANG gets the satisfaction of different levels of needs from TANG Waner， LIU Yue， WANG Ximians wife and Acan， and even achieves the ultimate goal of illusory self realization. ZHUANG does not realize his ideal of life nor reaches the peak of self realization. When he finds that the satisfaction of his needs at all levels in four women is in fact the illusion of self paralysis， he falls into the mire of life dilemma and can not escape. Maslows hierarchy of needs can clearly reveal the origin of ZHUANGs desire， the conjecture process of self satisfaction of all levels of needs and the cause of tragic life.

Key words: Maslow, hierarchy of needs, The Ruined City, ZHUANG Zhidie, intellectuals, life dilemma