Abstract: The arbitration between Eritrea and Yemen is another important award concerning the territorial sovereignty delivered by the Permanent Court of Arbitration in Hague after the award of Palmas Island, and it is the first case involving the territorial dispute between an Asia country and an African country. The award is accepted and abided by the parties, establishing a good model of resolving the disputes through the international judicial authorities. The tribunal in this case made some innovations and breakthrough about the doctrine of critical date, historic title and historic consolidation, and provided some guidance and reference to the disputes China involves with the neighboring states.

Key words: territorial sovereignty, historic title, historic consolidation, effective possession

摘要： 厄立特里亚和也门仲裁案是国际常设仲裁法庭继帕尔玛斯岛（Palmas Island）仲裁案之后做出的关于领土主权的又一重要案例，也是仲裁庭审理的涉及亚非国家领土争端的首个案例，同时仲裁结果得到了当事国的接受和遵守，为通过国际司法途径解决国家之间的争端树立了良好的形象和信心。仲裁庭在该案中对关键日期、历史性权利以及历史性固化理论都有所突破和创新，也为解决我国与周边国家的领土争端提供了一定的借鉴和指导。

关键词: 领土主权, 历史性权利, 历史性固化, 有效占有