Abstract: In Qing dynasty, inferior examinees (candidates at the bottom of the Chinese imperial civil service examination system) are unable to express their aspirations. Most examinees spent the rest of their life chasing a ticket to the upper society. But academia paid little attention to this problem. It`s necessary to show the living conditions of those inferior examinees. The volumes about inferior examinees occupy a great share of Nanbu Archives, which provides abundant materials to uncover their real living conditions from the aspects of native place, residential address, age, livelihood and occupation. Furthermore, Nanbu Archives is extremely helpful for perceiving the local knowledge of Nanbu county in late Qing dynasty.

Key words: inferior examinee, Nanbu Archives, real living condition, late Qing dynasty

摘要： 清代，最底层科考士子童生作为失语者比附在科举行伍之列。大多数童生终其一生都难以仕进上达，学界对失语者童生关注不够，如何使失语者童生发出声音显得必要。《南部档案》中童生档案卷宗较多，从籍贯、住地、年龄、生计职业等方面可深描出晚清南部县童生群体生活的实态，同时对认知晚清南部县地方知识大有裨益。

关键词: 童生, 《南部档案》, 生活实态, 晚清