Abstract: In the period of Nanjing national government, the ministry of railways held exhibitions of goods produced along the railway four times in order to expand the passenger and cargo flow, increase railway transport capacity and promote the development of goods along the railway. Based on the consideration that the railway and goods produced along the railway were in a kind of coexistence and common prosperity, the ministry of railways carried out public opinion mobilization from the perspective of the industrial salvation, the benefit of railway exhibition to agriculture, industry and commerce, and the importance of railway transportation respectively. The four railway exhibitions expanded the railway transportation efficiency and promote the development of the railway to a certain extent. Due to the constraints of propaganda, geographical, the ills of the railway itself and other factors, the overall effect was not satisfactory. The improvement of railway transportation depended on the joint efforts of the production, transportation, marketing and other multiple forces, but the key lay in a radical reform of the ills of the railway itself.

Key words: railway exhibition, public opinion mobilization, effect, constraint

摘要： 南京国民政府时期，铁道部为扩大客货流，增加铁路运输能力，促进沿线货品开发，举办了四届铁路沿线出产货品展览会。铁道部基于铁路和沿线出产货品处于一种共荣共存关系的认识，分别从实业救国、铁展会于农工商各界的利益以及于铁路运输重要性的角度出发进行了舆论动员。四届铁展会盛况一时，一定程度上扩大了铁路运输的效益，推动了铁路事业的发展。受宣传、地域和铁路自身弊病等因素的制约，活动整体效果不尽如人意。铁路运输事业的改进有赖于产、运、销等多方力量共同努力，关键在于对铁路自身弊病进行大刀阔斧的改革。

关键词: 铁展会, 舆论动员, 成效, 制约因素