Abstract: On the basis of their governments strength, the missionaries required the government of Qing Dynasty to return the old assets during the great prohibition with the decline of Qing Dynasty in modern times. The people of Xujiahui in Shanghai had a good foundation of Catholicism, so the first goal of the French missionaries was the old Catholic church of Xujiahui in Shanghai. In the process of the returning church cases in Shanghai, the missionaries used the schemes to force the government of Qing Dynasty to return the old assets, which was the beginning of the returning church case in modern times. Learning from their experience, later missionaries asked the government of Qing Dynasty to return the old assets, which led to a series of the returning church cases.

Key words: the great prohibition, the returning church case of Xujiahui, Lagrene, missionary

摘要： 近代随着清政府的衰落，传教士恃其政府实力要求清政府归还百年禁教期间的教产。上海徐家汇地区信奉天主教的基础较好，法国传教士便将还堂的第一个目标定为上海徐家汇旧天主教堂。在还堂过程中，传教士利用计谋迫使清政府归还教产，这是近代还堂案的开端，之后传教士借其经验，纷纷要求清政府还堂，引发一系列还堂案。

关键词: 百年禁教, 徐家汇还堂案, 拉萼尼, 传教士