Abstract: JIA Pingwa creates a decadent city in which women are materialized and intellectuals are alienated. ZHUANG Zhidie is depressed by his wife NIU Yueqings impotence， which makes his basic physiological needs unsatisfied. He tries to find his male selfesteem by satisfying his basic needs through crazy extramarital sexual love activities. ZHUANG gets the satisfaction of different levels of needs from TANG Waner， LIU Yue， WANG Ximians wife and Acan， and even achieves the ultimate goal of illusory self realization. ZHUANG does not realize his ideal of life nor reaches the peak of self realization. When he finds that the satisfaction of his needs at all levels in four women is in fact the illusion of self paralysis， he falls into the mire of life dilemma and can not escape. Maslows hierarchy of needs can clearly reveal the origin of ZHUANGs desire， the conjecture process of self satisfaction of all levels of needs and the cause of tragic life.

Key words: Maslow, hierarchy of needs, The Ruined City, ZHUANG Zhidie, intellectuals, life dilemma

摘要： 贾平凹《废都》中的庄之蝶面对老婆牛月清产生的性无能，使他试图通过疯狂的婚外性恋活动满足自身的基本需求，以找回自己的男性自尊。当庄之蝶发现自己的各层次需求在唐宛儿、柳月、汪希眠老婆、阿灿这四个女人身上得到满足其实是自我麻痹时，已经陷入人生困境的泥淖而无法逃遁。马斯洛的需求层次理论可清晰地透视出庄之蝶的欲望缘起、各层次需求自我满足的臆想过程以及悲剧人生的成因。

关键词: 马斯洛, 需求层次理论, 《废都》, 庄之蝶, 知识分子, 人生困境