Abstract: Since the implementation of the new rural cooperative medical insurance in China in 2003， the implementation of this policy is to solve the problem of difficulty and high cost of medical treatment for the people， so as to reduce the medical burden of rural residents in China. This paper uses the data of the China Household Longitudinal Survey for empirical analysis， and the results show that participation in the new rural cooperation has a significant effect on the wellbeing of the rural middleaged and elderly population， and shows the robustness of the test results. The analysis of the influence mechanism shows that after middleaged and elderly residents participate in the new agricultural cooperative cooperation， their satisfaction with the governments evaluation and medical conditions has been significantly improved， and the amount of residents selfexpenditure on medical treatment has been reduced.

Key words: new agricultural cooperative; middleaged and elderly people; life satisfaction; OProbit model

摘要： 2003年我国开始实施新型农村合作医疗保险（简称新农合），是为了解决人民看病难、看病贵的问题，从而减轻农村居民的医疗负担。利用中国家庭追踪调查的数据进行实证分析发现，参加新农合对农村中老年人的生活幸福感有明显的提升作用，并且检验结果稳健。分析影响机制，得出农村中老年人参加新农合后对政府的评价及看病条件满意度显著提高，降低居民医疗自花费的金额。

关键词: 新农合；中老年人；生活满意度；OProbit模型