Abstract: From 2014 to 2024, the gap between the demand and production of maize will increase continuously because the demand increases much faster than the production. To solve the grain problem under an open perspective of food security, we should not neglect the fact that international grain trade is developing rapidly. It is very necessary and feasible to import more maize considering the shortage of water and the decrease of farmlands in China. China should raise the tariff quotas of maize gradually and cautiously, and revise some clause that discriminates against private enterprises. Furthermore, China should import more maize from other countries in the future to reduce the importation from the United States.

Key words: food security, the gap between the demand and production of maize, the importation of maize

摘要： 由于需求增长速度快于产量增长速度，我国玉米的产需缺口将持续扩大。在开放的粮食安全观视角下，应把国际贸易快速发展的现实与解决粮食问题的策略结合起来。基于耕地趋减与水资源短缺的国情，增加玉米进口既有必要性也有可行性。作为审慎放开的粮食品种，玉米的关税配额应逐渐加大，并需修正现行进口配额管理政策中对民营企业的歧视性内容；还应实施玉米进口来源多元化策略，建立“南进北出”的格局。

关键词: 粮食安全, 产需缺口, 玉米贸易