Abstract: Hankow rapidly developed from a piece of waste land into one of four famous commercial towns in late Ming period. Its rapid flourishing not only depended on Jianghan markets long historical commercial accumulation, its own superior trade area, and being formed national market, but also closely related to the joint efforts of local people and promising officials. Though the historical factors make Hankow suffer continue natural disasters and multiple containments continuously, it could still become a great commercial town from a fishing village during just a few decades in late Ming Dynasty.

Key words: late Ming Dynasty, Hankow, rising and development, cause

摘要： 明中后期汉口从一隅荒滩迅速发展为全国四大名镇之一。汉口的迅猛勃兴既有赖于江汉大市场的久远商业积淀、卓越的贸易区位优势、正在形成的全国市场，还与当地商民和有为官员的共同努力息息相关。正是在这些因素形成的历史合力的推动下，明代汉口虽不断遭受天灾人祸的遏制，却仍能在短短几十年里实现从渔村到天下名镇的巨变。

关键词: 明中后期, 汉口, 勃兴, 原因