Abstract: Reference is a basic function of discourse expression, the construction of which is a dynamic psychological reasoning process. From the discourse viewpoint, the denotation entity can be achieved, and especially the referential ambiguity violating or deviating from the linear discourse law can be well interpreted.

Key words: discourse viewpoint, reference, referential ambiguity, cognition, resolution

摘要： 指称功能是话语表达的一项基本功能。指称语的选择是动态的心理推理过程。从语篇视角研究指称现象，可以激活指称语的实体，尤其是对违背或偏离话语线性规律的指称歧义现象进行认知阐释。

关键词: 语篇视角, 指称, 指称歧义, 认知, 解析