Abstract: In modern times, the system of relieving famine and disaster has started modern transformation gradually. The governments prevention disaster system is regarded as an important part of the system of relieving famine and disaster, which was one program of institutionalization and legalization. The system also gradually changed from tradition to modernity. The changes were mainly in three aspects. The personnel composition as the main body of prevention disaster system is changed from officials to diversified personnel gradually. The methods of prevention disaster system gradually introduced science and technology of modern civilization, and used scientific methods to check and analyze the disaster. The content of prevention disaster system is changed from taking agriculture as the foundation to diversified fields. In the process of transformation, the modern transformation of the government disaster prevention system was not the impact of modernization on the tradition, but the compatibility between tradition and modern times.

Key words: Sichuan drought, governments prevention disaster system, modern transformation

摘要： 近代以来，荒政体系逐渐开启时代转型，政府勘灾作为荒政体系的重要组成部分，是其制度化、法定化的程序之一。政府勘灾逐步由传统走向近代，主要体现在三个方面的变化：在勘灾人员构成上由官员为主体逐步变为参与人员多元化；在勘灾方式上逐步引进近代科技文明，运用科学方法查验和分析灾情；在勘灾内容上实现由以农为主过渡到多面并举。在这一转型过程中，政府勘灾体系的近代转变不是近代化对传统的冲击，而是传统与近代的兼容。

关键词: 四川旱灾, 政府勘灾体系, 近代转变