经济进化中的自然选择单元

重庆交通大学学报（社会科学版） ›› 2018, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (2): 76-82.

经济进化中的自然选择单元

赵斌，陈新雅

山西大学科学技术哲学研究中心，太原 030006

收稿日期:2017-06-14 出版日期:2018-04-20 发布日期:2018-04-18
作者简介:赵斌（1981—），男，山西大学科学技术哲学研究中心副教授，博士，硕士生导师，研究方向：科学哲学、生物学哲学；陈新雅（1989—），女，山西大学科学技术哲学研究中心硕士研究生，研究方向：经济学哲学、生物学哲学。
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金青年项目“生命科学中的非决定论问题研究”（15CZX018）；山西省高等学校哲学社会科学研究项目“进化非决定论问题研究”（2016302）；山西省高等学校创新人才支持计划项目“非决定论视阈下的生物学哲学研究”（2015052004）

The Units of Natural Selection in Economic Evolution

ZHAO Bin, CHEN Xinya

(Research Center for Philosophy of Science and Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China)

Received:2017-06-14 Online:2018-04-20 Published:2018-04-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 达尔文主义对经济学理论产生了深刻的影响。在经济学中引入生物进化论的观点，解释和分析经济现象，成为不同时期经济理论学家以及社会学家们的通常做法。梳理经济学理论发展史上围绕达尔文进化论而产生的一系列哲学争论，思考经济学中的类比生命进化以及自然选择的理论说明是否合理，探讨经济学中进化选择的单元，为悬而未决的认识论乃至方法论问题寻求解答。

关键词: 达尔文主义, 涌现, 还原, 选择单元

Abstract: Darwinism has had a profound impact on economic theory. By introducing the theory of biological evolution in economics, the interpretation and analysis of economic phenomena have become common practice among economic theorists and sociologists in different periods. Philosophical debates about Darwinian evolution in the history of economic theory are combed out. Whether the theoretical explanation was analog to evolution of life in economics and natural selection is reasonable is considered. The purpose is to explain pending epistemology and even methodological issues by exploring the units of evolutionary selection in economics.

Key words: Darwinism, emergence, reduction, unit of selection

赵斌，陈新雅. 经济进化中的自然选择单元[J]. 重庆交通大学学报（社会科学版）, 2018, 18(2): 76-82.

ZHAO Bin, CHEN Xinya. The Units of Natural Selection in Economic Evolution[J]. , 2018, 18(2): 76-82.

参考文献

［1］KINCAID H. Some issues concerning the nature of economic explanation［C］// MAKI U.Handbook of the philosophy of economics.North Holland:Elsevier,2012:143-144.
［2］霍奇逊.制度经济学的演化:美国制度主义中的能动性、结构和达尔文主义［M］.杨虎涛,王爱君,黄载曦,等译.北京:北京大学出版社,2012.
［3］魏巍,郭和平.关于系统“整体涌现性”的研究综述［J］.系统科学学报,2010(1):24.
［4］吕世伦,龚波.社会主义民主政治“三化”及其实现机理阐析［J］.昆明理工大学学报(社会科学版),2010(2):25-26.
［5］HODGSON G M.Darwinism and institutional economics［J］.Journal of economic issues,2003,37(1):85-97.
［6］康芒斯.制度经济学:上册［M］.北京:商务印书馆,1994:86-88.
［7］NORTH D C,ALT J.Institutions,institutional change and economic performance［M］.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1990.
［8］DEGLER C N.In search of human nature:the decline and revival of Darwinism in American social thought［C］// HARMON M M.Society.Oxford: Oxford University Press,1991.
［9］ALCHIAN A A.Uncertainty, evolution, and economic theory［J］.Journal of political economy,1950,58(3):211-221.
［10］MARCIANO A.Economists on Darwins theory of social evolution and human behaviour［J］.The European journal of the history of economic thought,2007,14(4):681-700.
［11］ELSTER J.Marxism, functionalism and game theory［J］.Theory and society,1982,11(4):453-482.
［12］DELGAUDIO J J.How economics forgot history:the problem of historical specificity in social science［M］.London:Routledge,2001:265.
［13］ROSENBERG A.Darwinism in philosophy,social science and policy［M］.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2000.
［14］HODGSON G M.Darwinism in economics: from analogy to ontology［J］.Journal of evolutionary economics,2002,12(3):277.
［15］MAYNARDSMITH J.Conflict and cooperation in human societies［C］// KELLER L.Levels of selection in evolution.Princeton:Princeton University Press,1999:207.
［16］POTTS J.Evolutionary institutional economics［J］.Journal of economic issues,2007,41(2):342-344.
［17］HODGSON G M.How can evolutionary economics evolve［C］//ARUKA Y.Evolutionary controversies in economics.Japan:Japan Association for Evolutionary Economics,2001.
［18］肖德,艾娇.进化经济学:起源与发展［J］.国外社会科学,2001(4):18.
［19］NELSON R R,WINTER S G.An evolutionary theory of economic change［M］.Cambridge MA: Belknap Press,1982.
［20］HODGSON G M.The mystery of the routine:the Darwinian destiny of an evolutionary theory of economic change［J］.Revue economique,2003,54(2):360.
［21］VEBLEN T.The Instinct of workmanship,and the state of the industrial arts［M］.New York:Macmillan,1914:36.
［22］SOBER E,LEWONTIN R C.Artifact,cause and genic selection［C］//ROSENBERG A, ROBERT A. Philosophy of biology:an anthology.Singapore:WileyBlackwell,2009:298-300.