Abstract: To enhance the partys political leadership， we must first correctly grasp the concept of “political leadership”. However， there are some misunderstandings about this concept in society and academia. This paper tries to clarify these misunderstandings， pointing out that political leadership is the unique ability of the Communist Party of China， not that of all political parties; the political leadership of the Communist Party of China is an advanced authority， not what Max Weber calls “Karismatype” authority; the political leadership of the Communist Party of China is closely related to its governing ability， but there are important differences between them.