网约车颠覆性创新界定及监管对策

重庆交通大学学报（社会科学版） ›› 2020, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (1): 27-35.

网约车颠覆性创新界定及监管对策

王俊伟，杨杰

长安大学经济与管理学院，西安 710064

收稿日期:2019-03-30 修回日期:2020-02-14 出版日期:2020-01-20 发布日期:2020-02-14
作者简介:王俊伟（1995—），男，长安大学经济与管理学院硕士研究生，研究方向：交通运输管理，产业经济理论，出租车、网约车政府规制；杨杰（1995—），男，长安大学经济与管理学院硕士研究生，研究方向：交通运输规划与管理。

Research on the Definition of Disruptive Innovation of Ridehailing and Its Regulatory Countermeasures

WANG Junwei, YANG Jie

School of Economics and Management, Changan University, Xian 710064, China

Received:2019-03-30 Revised:2020-02-14 Online:2020-01-20 Published:2020-02-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 网约车创新性的服务方式惠及了大量有更高品质出行需求的乘客，但也给政府规制带来了新的挑战。基于网约车颠覆性创新属性存在的争议，从网约车经济属性、市场特征、财务战略三方面结合颠覆性创新理论对其颠覆性创新进行判定，得出网约车不属于颠覆性创新范畴，但其豪车业务符合颠覆性创新特征的结论。基于此，建议政府在监管过程中实行分类管制、严格质量管控、立足宏观布局、妥善处理创新和监管之间的关系，实现公共利益最大化。

关键词: 网约车, 颠覆性创新, 经济属性, 市场特征, 财务战略, 监管对策

Abstract: The innovative service mode of ridehailing has not only benefited a large number of passengers with higher quality travel demand, but also brought new challenges to government regulation. Based on the dispute over the disruptive innovation attributes of ridehailing, the disruptive innovation was judged from the economic attributes, market characteristics and financial strategy of ridehailing combined with the theory of disruptive innovation, and the conclusion was drawn that ridehailing does not belong to the category of disruptive innovation, but its luxury car conforms to the characteristics of disruptive innovation. Based on this proposal, the government should implement classified control in the supervision process, strictly control quality, and properly handle the relationship between innovation and regulation based on the macro layout, so as to maximize the public interest.

Key words: ridehailing, disruptive innovation, economic attribute, market characteristics, financial strategy, regulatory measures

王俊伟，杨杰. 网约车颠覆性创新界定及监管对策[J]. 重庆交通大学学报（社会科学版）, 2020, 20(1): 27-35.

WANG Junwei, YANG Jie. Research on the Definition of Disruptive Innovation of Ridehailing and Its Regulatory Countermeasures[J]. , 2020, 20(1): 27-35.

参考文献

［1］交通运输部.网络预约出租汽车经营服务管理暂行办法［A/OL］.（2016-07-28）［2019-02-25］. http*//xxgk_mot_gov_cn/jigou/fgs/201607/t20160728_2973471.html.
［2］中国互联网络信息中心.第43次《中国互联网络发展状况统计报告》［R/OL］.（2019-02-28）［2019 -03-01］.http*//www_cac_gov_cn/2018-02/28/c_1124175677.htm.
［3］赵光辉.我国“互联网+”交通服务的演进与政策［J］.中国流通经济,2016（3）:39-48.
［4］SCHWALBE U,SCHNEIDER H.Creative destruction and the sharing economy:Uber as disruptive innovation［J］.Journal of economics,2018,124（1）:93-96.
［5］张爱萍,林晓言,陈小君.网约车颠覆性创新的理论与实证:以滴滴出行为例［J］.广东财经大学学报,2017（2）:31-40.
［6］SCHUMPETER J A.The theory of economic development:an inquiry into profits,capital,credit,interest and the business cycle［M］.Ambridge,Mass:Harvard University Press,1934:18-19．
［7］SCHUMPETER J A.Capitalism,socialism and democracy［M］.London:Allen and Unwin,1942:10-11．
［8］MICHAEL L T,PHILIP A.Technological discontinuities and organizational environme［J］.Administrative science quarterly,1986,31（3）:439-465.
［9］REBECCA M H,KIM B C.Architectural innovation:the reconfiguration of existing product technologies and the failure of established firms［J］.Administrative science quarterly,1990,35（1）:9-30．
［10］THOMOND P,HERZBERG T,LETTICE F.Disruptive innovation:removing the innovators dilemma［C］.British Academy of Management,Conference Proceedings,2003.
［11］KENAGY J W.A brief commentary on disruptive innovation in healthcare［EB/OL］.（2001-07-20）［2018-11-22］.http*//commerce_senate_gov/hearings/072301.Kenagy.pdf.
［12］DANNEELS E.Tightloose coupling with customers:the enactment of customer orientation［J］. Strategic management journal,2003,24（6）:559-576.
［13］吴贵生,谢伟.“颠覆性创新”与组织响应［J］.科学研究,1997（12）:35-39.
［14］张洪石,陈劲,付玉秀.突破性创新:跨越式发展之基［J］.自然辩证法通讯,2005（1）:69-78.
［15］CHRISTENSEN C M,MARK W J,RIGBY D K.Foundation for growth:how to identify and build disruptive new business［J］.MIT sloan management review,2002,43（3）:22-31.
［16］GOVINDARAJAN V,KOPALLE P K.The usefulness of measuring disruptiveness of innovations expost in making exante predictions［J］.Journal of product innovation management,2006,23（1）:12-18．
［17］KOSTOFF R N,BOYLA N R,SIMONS G R.Disruptive technology roadmaps［J］.Technological forecasting and social change,2004,71（1）:141-159．
［18］克里斯滕森 K M,雷纳 M E.困境与出路［M］.容冰,译，北京:中信出版社,2004.
［19］张枢盛,陈继祥.颠覆性创新演进、机理及路径选择研究［J］.商业经济与管理,2013（5）:39-48.

[1]	孙启鹏，贺晨，吴越. 基于SWOT-AHP模型的网约车发展策略研究[J]. 重庆交通大学学报（社会科学版）, 2021, 21(2): 55-61.
[2]	盛玉奎1，2，熊斌辉1. 从挂车共享经济属性论挂车池发展[J]. 重庆交通大学学报（社会科学版）, 2020, 20(6): 57-63.
[3]	周苏湘. 当前网约车行政规制的局限与转型[J]. 重庆交通大学学报（社会科学版）, 2019, 19(2): 56-62.
[4]	范丽莉，牛壮. 多源流模型视角下网约车新政的议程设置分析[J]. 重庆交通大学学报（社会科学版）, 2019, 19(1): 52-58.